TYPE · 29 ENTRIES

Memory effects

How memory rewrites itself — distortions, false confidence, fading detail.

Memory is reconstructive, not playback. These effects describe the systematic ways that reconstruction goes sideways: filling in blanks, reshaping events to match the present, mistaking imagination for recall.

#19
Zeigarnik Effect cognitive bias illustration
Zeigarnik Effect
Memory & Recall
 #27
Humor Effect cognitive bias illustration
Humor Effect
Memory & Recall
 #42
Hindsight Bias cognitive bias illustration
Hindsight Bias
Memory & Recall
 #44
Cryptomnesia cognitive bias illustration
Cryptomnesia
Memory & Recall
 #45
False Memory Syndrome cognitive bias illustration
False Memory Syndrome
Memory & Recall
 #52
Rosy Retrospection cognitive bias illustration
Rosy Retrospection
Memory & Recall
 #57
Tip of the Tongue cognitive bias illustration
Tip of the Tongue
Memory & Recall
 #58
Consistency Bias cognitive bias illustration
Consistency Bias
Memory & Recall
 #62
Peak-End Rule cognitive bias illustration
Peak-End Rule
Memory & Recall
 #76
Primacy Effect cognitive bias illustration
Primacy Effect
Memory & Recall
 #77
Recency Effect cognitive bias illustration
Recency Effect
Memory & Recall
 #79
Picture Superiority Effect cognitive bias illustration
Picture Superiority Effect
Memory & Recall
 #93
Von Restorff Effect cognitive bias illustration
Von Restorff Effect
Memory & Recall
 #100
Misinformation Effect cognitive bias illustration
Misinformation Effect
Memory & Recall
 #115
Memory Inhibition cognitive bias illustration
Memory Inhibition
Memory & Recall
 #126
Fading Affect Bias cognitive bias illustration
Fading Affect Bias
Memory & Recall
 #133
Generation Effect cognitive bias illustration
Generation Effect
Memory & Recall
 #140
Source Confusion
Memory & Recall
 #150
Self-Reference Effect
Memory & Recall
 #159
Telescoping Effect
Memory & Recall
 #168
Bizarreness Effect cognitive bias illustration
Bizarreness Effect
Memory & Recall
 #188
Next-in-Line Effect
Memory & Recall
 #189
Retrospective Determinism
Probability & Logic
 #202
Suggestibility
Memory & Recall
 #213
Morbid Curiosity
Memory & Recall
 #220
Forgetting Curve
Memory & Recall
 #222
Leveling and Sharpening
Memory & Recall
 #225
Memory Conjunction Error
Memory & Recall
 #226
Change Bias cognitive bias illustration
Change Bias
Memory & Recall
OTHER TYPES

The other 7 types of glitch.

Cognitive biases 91

Systematic errors in judgment, baked into how the brain weighs evidence.

Social effects 31

What other people's presence, opinions, and signals do to your thinking.

Decision traps 22

Patterns that hijack a clean decision into a costly one.

Metacognitive errors 22

Glitches in how you think about your own thinking.

Perceptual effects 16

Where the eyes (or attention) lie before the brain even gets a vote.

Logical fallacies 11

Argument moves that look like reasoning but skip a step.

Heuristics 9

Mental shortcuts — fast, often right, occasionally catastrophic.

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